Endodontics is a specialized branch of dentistry that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases or injuries that affect the dental pulp and the surrounding tissues, primarily through root canal therapy.
The dental pulp is the soft tissue located in the center of a tooth. It consists of blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue. The pulp plays a vital role during tooth development, but its main function in adults is sensory, providing sensations like hot, cold, and pressure.
Root canal therapy, also known as endodontic treatment, involves the removal of infected or damaged dental pulp from the inside of a tooth. The pulp chamber and root canals are cleaned, shaped, and filled with a biocompatible material to seal the tooth and prevent future infections.
Endodontic treatment becomes necessary when the dental pulp becomes infected or inflamed due to tooth decay, trauma, cracks, or repeated dental procedures. If left untreated, the infection can spread to the surrounding tissues, leading to pain, abscess formation, and even tooth loss.
Endodontic treatment allows for the preservation of the natural tooth, preventing the need for extraction. By removing the infected pulp and sealing the tooth, endodontic therapy alleviates pain, eliminates infection, and restores normal oral function, ensuring the tooth’s longevity.
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